well I dunno - just thinking on my feet here - I'm sure the war devastated Chechnya's economy & it certainly gutted any civil authority - seems like perfect conditions for organized crime to flourish - all these heavily armed dudes, no legitimate work, etc. also forcing people to emigrate to find work elsewhere, llicit or otherwise.
Well it is something that was started happening already before the first war. Clearly I'm not a historian who's spent a lot of time researching this whole thing, but my feeling is that the reputation they amassed was far before the war broke out. This is based mainly on my recollection of living in Russia at the time/watching the news... rumours and general talk at the dinner tables. So please pardon me for a bit of a sream of thought structure.
The Chechens did amass enough clout to basically become a lobbying force in the government to be reckoned with, this wasn't something liked by some other lobbying group (Berezovski comes to mind here). Mind you at the same time there was the whole privatisation process which was still going on, so different groups were scrambling to get a piece of the pie for a dime (often these groups were far from being clean handed). I think the crux of the problem was also the oil pipeline that ran through Chechnya, and so the illfated decision by Yeltsin was taken to start the war under the pressure of lobbyists. So largely it is a case of people suffering because of the higher ups bad decisions. Yeltsin somehow thought that sending an army full of 18 year old unexperienced conscripts who weren't trained for this kind of war into action was a good idea.
Now after the dismal failure after the first war and having alienated much of the civilian population Russia pulled out and gave what was de facto independence to the republic. For a while it seemed like they had what they fought for so things should settle. The only problem is that it created a vacuum which was quickly filled in with the terrorist and mercenaries from other countries including some recruited in Britain of all places! Meanwhile there was money being sent to Chechnya to rebuild it, plus it had the pipeline, but it seems like all got diverted into preparing to attack... There was an ongoing stream of announcements of continuing the Jihad against Russia and the whole idea that they wanted to include the neighbouring provinces into the Great Chechnya, although it seemed like everyone was just ready to let it go and get on with their lives.
For what seemed like a year or two there was a succession of ugly events and terrorist attacks which ended in the crossing over into Dagestan and the beginning of the second war. Which seemed to be a whole lot better conducted and only by professional army, no conscripts unvoluntarily sent there. If what is written in the article is true, then well that's appalling.
I don't know, I think I'm being too emotional to really do a cold assessment of the situation and it is hard to untangle the whole media barrage. I do get irked by the constant onslaught of the media war going on though. Partly it is national pride or whatever that gets hurt although I'm hardly a patriot or a nationalist. But when in the European press the facts are often laid out in some strange way, that Russia is still some sort of an evil empire run by a lunatic. It largely gets on my nerves. It even desensitizes me and leads to believe that everything being said and written is some next propaganda.
Is there foolproof evidence that Putin ordered the murder of Anna Politkovskaya? Is there solid proof that he ordered the murder of Litvinenko? He has overstayed his welcome a bit in my opinion, but he did come in a crucial time for Russia, and I don't think the collective psyche or mentality is yet ready for a truly democratic state (I don't know that many true democracies either). I do enjoy the results of his time in power though, I feel perfectly safe walking the streets of Moscow (probably even safer than in London), where else could I call a car off the street and get back home for some 8 pounds from any point of town without even being scared. Many of the governmental administrative institutions and businesses started functioning normally and so on, the chaos of the 90s seems to be gone and on the whole the country is in a better shape than it was 10 years ago.
There are downsides, such as the media being biased. But then before the TV channels and the newspapers largely were outlets for some oligarch with his obscure objectives, paid journos writing articles on order, now it is mostly the government. Same difference to be honest. The thing is I don't see the western media being particularly objective either.
Time to end this pointless diatribe, just had to put this out there somewhere I guess.